Self-extinguishing heating and ventilating stove



(No Mdel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. F, GONDON SELF BX'LINGUISHING,HBATING AND VENTILATING STOVB.

1\IO.250,50Z.V Patented Deo. 6,1881.

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(No Model.) 2 sneetS-sneet 2..

W. P. ONDON.

SELF EXTINGUISHING,HBATING ANDVBNTILATING STUVE.

No. 250,502. Patented Deo. 6,1881.

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Usare 'raras ATENT rtree.,

WILLIAM F. GONDON, OF EAST SAGINAW, MICHIGAN.

SELF-EXTINGUISHING HEATING AND VENTILATING STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 250,502, dated December 6, 1881.

Application filed November 14, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom lit may concern Be it known that l, WILLIAM F. GoNDoN, ot' East Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Self-Extinguishing Stoves or Heaters and Ventilators; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of my invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a sectional elevation of the car with my improved stove placed therein; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section through the stove from front to rear, with a portion of the coalmagazine broken away; Fig. 3, a longitudinal section from side to side of the stove, with .a portion of the coal-magazine broken away,

and showing a removable water-tank placed in the lower part of the stove. Fig. 4 is a detailed view ot' the smoke-flue with valve-cas ing; Fig. 5, a side view of the stove-lid (parts being broken away) and dogs for holding it in place. Fig. 6 is a front view of the stove-door (parts being broken away) and dogs for holding it closed, and Fig. 7 a detailed view of the door with cut-ott' valve applied thereto.

Myiuvention relates to stoves designed more particularly for heating cars, and has for its object the formation otl a stove which shall embrace the several features ot' a tank of water for extinguishing the fire in the event of the stove turning over; a self-actin g valve for closing the several openings through which the fire might pass out in the event of the stove turning over; a self-feeding magazine with an adjustable or removable section, so as to regulate the quantity of coal to be fed to the tirepot, and also to admit ot' the substitution of a new section for the old when the latter becomes burned out; a two-part grate which will hold up the live coals while the ashes can be removed without disturbing the re; a rod for agitating the coal in the magazine when the grate is shaken; a jacket or chamber about the fire-pot wherein is to be heated the air which is afterward to be impelled through the car; means for impelling the air into the said chamber and then through the car, and safety dogs or latches for securely holding closed the lid and the door to the stove; and to the accomplishment of these ends it consists in the construction as well as in the combination ot' parts, hereinafter 'particularly described, and then sought to be specifically defined by the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, the letterA indicates the stove-jacket, which rests on the base B, and is provided with a swinging door, c, located below or in front of the tirepot, and having a self-acting shut-oli', b, admitting of a vertical and side adjustment. The shut-off is held in position by means of guards s, and its function is to close the openings in the door if the stove should be overturned, and thus assist in extinguishingthe tire and preventing all particles of the burning material from falling out. The jacket has perforations d near its lower end to let in cool air, and also at the top to let out the warm air, and the base on which it rests may be bolted direct to the floor, or it may be supported on legs resting on the door. Within this jacket, and resting on the same base, or preferably extending down far enough to rest on the door, is the stove-cylinder G, which may be provided with asliding door opposite to the door in the jacket, and that door provided with self-actin g shut-offs the same as the door to the jacket. Within this cylinder, at or near its bottom, is placed a water-tank, D, which is preferably of copper, but may be of other suitable material, and is made separate from the cylinder, so that it can be readily replaced by another when necessary, in which event it can be withdrawn through an opening made in the stove for its removal.

I prefer to secure the bottom plate, E, to the body of the stove by bolts passed through the plate into the body of the stove, so that by unfastening the bolts the plate may be removed and the water-tank taken out.

rIhe tank D communicates with the fire-pot through pipes F, which extend up through sockets projecting down from the top ange of the fire-pot, and communicate with the open top ofthe pot through openings in the ange thereof; but instead of passing into sockets, as described, they may project directly into IOO slots formed in the top flange of the pot, the slots in such case being closed on top by means ofa circular band or plate, G, which is made in sections hinged together, and adapted, when laid on top ofthe tire-pot, to rest thereon and keep the slots covered, so that no ashes or coals will fall into the saine, and yet at the same time it is adapted to fall from off the Bange when the pot is overturned and permit the water to run trom the tank into the pot for the purpose ot' extinguishing the tire. When the plate G is made in sections, hingedv together, one section will fold upon the other when the pot is overturned, and its separationfrom the pot-iiange will be better insured. The pipes F are bent or elbowed, so as to form a trap that will prevent the water from splashing from the tank into the pot by the motion ofthe cars, and yet not prevent a free iiow of water into the pot if the stove should be overturned. The tank is filled with water through a branch pipe, H, the end of which is closed by a removable cap, e, through which and into the pipe there extends a rod,f, on the lower end of which there is a block or piece ot` cork or other light maferial, so as to form a oat that will rise and fall with the water in the tank, and thereby indicate the height of the water therein. The pipe H, at its elbow, is provided with a cock7 through which the water in the tank may be drawn out. Between the top of the tank D and the fire-pot there is placed a plate, I, which forms the bottom of the ash-pit, the plate being placed so as to leave a space, f, between it and the top ofthe tank, into which space air passes from the outside through pert'orations in thecylinder C, as shown, so as ro keep the top ofthe tank cool.

The fire-pot J has a flaring tiange at its top, which is perforated or slotted, and is set within the cylinder U, being supported vtherein by the sides ofthe cylinder, or on lugs projecting therefrom,or byresting on thepipes F. Around the outside of the tire-pot there is formed an air-heating chamber, g, by meansofajacket, K, which jacket is made separate from the pot and slipped over and secured iu any suitable manner thereto, or it may bc molded or otherwise formed therewith, though I make no claim to this latter. The function of this chamber is to receive the air pumped from the outside, so that it may be heated therein preparatory to being forced from there into pipes, through `which it is impelled to the rear or other part of the 'can By forming the airheating chamber around the outside of the fire-pot the air `is brought to a point where it can be quickly .magazine, so that the coal therein may be agii tated and `loosened every time that the grate is shaken. A rod, j, extends from the grate plane.

through the tire-pot, so that by means of it the grate may be operated.

In a working-stove there should be a space of something like two inches between the two grates, and the lower grate has its bars closer together than the bars ot' the upper grate, and may be supported within the lire-pot, as illustrated in Fig. 2, or just below its bottom on projecting angular lugs, as illustrated in Fig. 3. This lower grate is made in two parts, the central portion being adapted to slide, so that by pulling it forward an opening may be formed in the center ot' the grate, through which the ashes and cinders may fall when the stove is to be cleaned out. The lower grate may be shaken by means ofthe rod k, it being adapted to be turned back and forth in a horizontal Both grates should incline from circumference to center, so as to direct the coals and ashes to their centers. By usingtwogrates constructed as described the top grate will hold the larger and live coals, while the bottom one will hold the cinders and ashes, which can be removed without disturbing the lire or wasting fuel.

A two-part magazine, M, extends downward into the cylinder C from the top ot' the stove, to which it is secured in any suitable manner. It is made in twoparts, with the lower section fitting either inside or outside ot the upper section, so that the lower section may not only be raised and lowered to regulate the quantity of coal to be fed to the tire-pot, but also that it may be removed when burned out and replaced by a new section without the expense ot' substituting a whole new magazine. The sections are held together by a bayonet-joint, as shown in Fig. 2, (only one joint being there shown, although there may be several, so as to adj ust the magazine to different heights,) or by means of pert'orations and a pin, as shown in Fig. 3.

The top of the magazine is provided with a hinged lid, N, which is securely held closed by two latches or dogs, o, pivoted to its top and passed through the same, and constructed with hooked lower ends, and so as to throw the lower ends inwardly when suspended as described, and arranged so that both lower ends will, as the dogs stand normally, be thrown toward each other. These dogs are connected together at their upper ends by a chain, and their hooked ends engage with lug l, formed on the inside ofthe magazine or other part of the stove where the dogs can engage with it. When it is desired to open the lid or cover the chain is raised, which action draws the upper ends of the dogs toward each other, and the lower ends apart and from engagement with the lugs, so that the lid can then be lifted, and as soon as the lid is lowered the dogs imme diately engage with the lug and hold the lid securely closed. It' the stove should fall over onto its side in such a position that one of the dogs would be disengaged from the lug by reason of the weight ofthe upper end bearing that end down, still the other dog will re- IOO IIO

IIS

main in engagement with the lug and hold the lid closed, so that no live coals can fall from out of the magazine through the top thereof. A removable top, P, covers the opening through which coal is introduced into the magazine.

The fastening for thelower doors of the stove consists of the two dogs, m m', the one, m, being pivoted to the body of the stove, and prevented, by a pin or stud located so as'to bear against the top of its rear end, from falling below a horizontal plane, the other one, m', being pivoted tothe door and held to its place by a clasp. The dog m is formed with two shoulders or hooks, 011e on its lower edge, near its free end, and the other on its top edge, a little way back from the free end, so that the lower one will engage with a stud or pin on the body of the stove and the upper one with the shoulder or hook formed on the lower edge, near the free end of the dog m. When the door is to be opened both dogs have to be lifted, so as to free the top dog from engagement with the lower dog and the lower dog from engagement with the stud on the stove. This fastening can be used on either a sliding or swinging door. l/Vhen used on a sliding door, in closing the door the lower dog first strikes against the rounded end of the upper dog and lifts it up, and next strikes and engages with the stud which holds it to its place, the upper dog at the saine time engaging with the hook or shoulder of the lower dog, and the parts are thus securely held together.

The smoke-flue Q communicates with the exit-pipe R, and is of an egg or conoidal shape, with thc broadest portion at the top,and within this fine there is placed an annular or equivalent shaped valve, S,which rests in the lower portion of the ilue. 0n the inside of the wall of the fiue,just below the openings therein, which allow communication between the interior of the stove and the exitpipe, as illustrated in Fig. 2, there are formed two beveled or wedge-shaped lugs or seats, a, which will allow the valve S to pass up between them and lodge on one ot' the two seats, so as to close and keep closedA the opening in the line in case the stove falls over, and thus cut off the draft, and also prevent the tire from escaping through those openings. By forming the lue of the shape described less space is required for the satisfactory workin g of the shutoff valve than if it were of another shape. The shape of the flue quickly directs the valve between the beveled lugs and over the openings when the stove is turned over on its side.

The air for heating the car is supplied and impelled by a bellows, T, of any suitable and desirable shape, secured to the end ofthe car and operated by clock-work mechanism having a weight contained within the casing U, or by a crank-andpedal movement, or any other suitable means for automatically working a bellows or blast apparatus. The bellows is connected to a two-way pipe or tube, V, so that the air will pass alternately through the two branches as the bellows is worked, and from thence into a pipe leading into an airchamber around the tire-pot, and lthen by the same means forced out of the chamber into the pipe leading therefrom, and through that pipe to the rear ot' the car, or through coils along the sides and under the seats to any part of the car desired. Il' desired, the air may be supplied to the bellows through a pipe from the'outside of thc car, and the pipes running from the stove throughout the car are to be provided with valves, so as to cut oft' the air at any point in the car, and thereby control the temperature, and, if necessary, so as to let the hot air pass out of the car at the end farthest from the stove, or into the car. A flexible pipe of any suitable material will connect with the -pipe running from the bellows, and will have a metal nozzle, also a cut-off or cock, its use being to supply a blast to the fire either in starting the same or at any subsequent stage. It can have the air cut otf from it at any time by the cock, and, being flexible, can be hung up out ot' the way.

By providing each car with a blast apparatus not dependent on the motion ofthe car for operation the car can be heated while not in motion as well as when in motion, and the temperature of the car can be regulated by cutting offpartially or entirely the blast by checking or stopping the operating mechanism, and the car can be evenly heated throughout, or at one point morethan at another,if necessary, by the pipes through which the air is impelled and by the valves for cutting oft' the air at any desired point. lf desirable, the hot air can be forced from the stove direct and quickly to the rear of thecar, and that end heated first, or at the same time as the forward part.

The same heating apparatus-that is, an apparatus constructed on the same principlemay be used for heating buildings and similar structures, and the blast feature of the invention may be used in connection with any other form of stove having the jacket and heatingchalnber for forcing the air to different parts of the building.

The pipes may be extended to a bath-room or other chamber and into a "essel, so as to heat water fresh or salt, or both fresh and salt.

Instead of forcing hot air to warm the car in summer, cool air may be forced by the same devices, so as to cool or ventilate the car or building.

The parts ofthe stove may beheld together by rods and bolts,or in any other well-known manner.

The jacket usuallyhas a swinging door, while the stove-cylinder has sliding doors; but it is obvious that all the doors may slide.

The shut-offs or valves, instead of being on the doors, may be aftxed to the drafts in any other part of the stove.

The pipes connecting the water-tankand lirepot, instead ofbeing elbowed, may have a grating within the same, or a ball resting on a seat IOO IIS

therein, or constructed in any other manner that will prevent the water from splashing into the tire-pot.

'Ihe magazine may be omitted, and the other parts not dependent thereon for operation will work as satisfactorily without it as with it.

There may be openings in any part of the stove most suitable, large enough to permit the escape of steam and gas that may be generated by the water flowing onto the tire, and yet small enough to prevent the coals from falling out.

Instead of thejacket around the lire-pot, a coil of pipe within the pot may be used as the chamber for heating the air; but the jacket is the better means, for the reasons hereinbefore set forth, and the one I desire to claim.

The water-tank may be made so as not to be removable, as illustrated in Fig. 2; but the other way is better.

Ihe operation of the several parts is apparentfrom theforegoing description of their construction and functions, and will not therefore be separately set forth.

I do not limit myself to any particular form of stove, nor to any particular material, for it may be made of either boiler or cast iron or other suitable material.

I am aware that air has been forced through a chamber surrounding a re-pot for heating purposes, and do not claim such, broadly.

Having described my invention, what I claim 1s- 1. The combination of a blast apparatus operated by clock mechanism, anda tire-pot having around it an air-heating chamber formed by a removable jacket and pipes, substantially as set forth.

2. The fire-pot provided with a removable jacket around its exterior, forming a chamber between the pot and jacket, in combination with pipes leading to and from said chamber, and a blast apparatus for impelling air to and through the said chamber and pipes, substantially as set forth.

3. In a stove or heater, a tire-pot provided with a perforated or slotted flange and a detachable plate resting on said' ijange so as to cover the openings therein, and adapted to fall from over the same when the pot is overturned, substantially as set forth.

4. In a stove or heater, a fire-pot provided with a perforated or slotted flange and a sectional detachable plate resting ou said flange so as to cover the openings therein, and adapt ed to fold and uncover the openings in the ange when the potis overturned, substantially as set forth.

5. In a stove or heater,'the smoke-flue Q. provided with a loose valve and a lug, forming a seat, on which the valve may catch and rest when moved from one part ot the flue to the other, substantially as set forth.

6. rIhe conoidal or eggshaped iue provided with lugs a, in combination with loose Valve, substantially as set forth.

7. The lid to the stove or heater, provided with two pivoted dogs adapted to grasp by their lower ends a lug on the stove, so as to hold the lid closed, and to release their grasp thereon when the upper ends are drawn together, so as to permit the lid to be raised, substantially as set forth.

S. The combination, with a stove or heater lid, ot' the two dogs O, provided with hooked lower ends, and fulcrumed so that their upper ends will be thrown outward and their lower ends inward, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with a side door of a stove or heater, of two dogs, one being pivoted to the door and the other to the body of the stove, one of the dogs being adapted to engage with a shoulder on the other and the latter with a lug or catch on the stove, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

I0. The combination, with a stove and its side door, of the dog m, provided with a hooked end and pivoted to the stove, and the dog m', provided with a shoulder or hook on its top and bottom and pivoted to the stove-door, the two being adapted to operate as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM F. GONDON.

Witnesses:

EDWARD T. WALKER, WM. G. HENDERSON. 

